Reading Instruction Competence Assessment (RICA) Practice Test

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What are graphemes in the context of phonics?

  1. Symbols that represent entire words

  2. English letters or letter combinations representing phonemes

  3. Words that convey clear images

  4. Parts of speech in sentences

The correct answer is: English letters or letter combinations representing phonemes

Graphemes refer specifically to the smallest written units of language that correspond to phonemes, which are the distinct units of sound. In phonics instruction, graphemes are crucial because they help learners connect spoken sounds with their written representations. For example, the letter "b" represents the phoneme /b/, and the combination "ch" represents the phoneme /tʃ/, as in the word "chat." Understanding graphemes enables students to decode words and improve their reading skills by recognizing how written letters and combinations map to spoken sounds, facilitating a stronger grasp of phonetic principles in English. This foundational knowledge is essential for effective reading instruction and literacy development.

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